CBSE Class 4 EVS – Looking around – Takshila-DPS Pune- Patna-Coimbatore

AUTHOR

Dr. Gauri Kshirsagar

MBBS, DNB (DVL)

Dermatologist, Cosmetologist and Laser Surgeon

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The following notes are from the academic year 2022-23 of DPS Pune- Patna-Coimbatore, compiled by my twin daughters. These notes include all the important material of the chapter which can be asked in the exam, compiled from the EVS textbook, study course material books and the notes from class.

Readers, if you find these notes helpful please do write your views in the ‘comment section’ of this article and if you like me to upload any notes on any topic taught in class 4, please be free to post your replies. Subscribe to my blog for new updates, notes and posts. Have a great year and all the best.

Chapter 17: NANDITA IN MUMBAI

Important Points which can be asked as Fill in the Blanks or MCQs:

1. A big iron cage in which one goes up and down in high rise building is called Lift.
2. An open area of ground in front of the house which is surrounded by walls is called courtyard.
3. The movement of people from one place to another is known as Migration.
4. An example of transport that causes least pollution is Tonga/ bullock cart/ bicycle
5. The types of roads in cities where transportation is easy and fast. Tarred road
6. The toilet found in slums which is shared by everyone. Public Toilet
7. In the village, Nandita had to fill water from the pond and river.
8. Due to scarcity of water, people have to stand in queue/line in some places.
9. Nandita came to Mumbai for her mother’s treatment. (She was admitted to the hospital)
10. Due to migration, cities are becoming overcrowded.
11. Babloo’s house was on the twelfth floor.
12. The sources of water found in village are – well, river, pond, stream
13. Many facilities are present in cities such as- transportation, electricity, educational institutions & employment opportunities.
14. Nandita’s Mama received a notice saying to vacate their home.
15. Nandita has been staying in Mumbai for a month.
16. Mama’s family includes – Mama, mami, 2 daughters and one son.
17. Nandita’s village home is different from Mama’s home- as it had separate places for cooking and bathing. It had a courtyard outside.
18. Mami, Nandita & Seema wake up at 4’O clock in the morning.
19. Nandita walks for 20 minutes to get water from pond and in summers, walks 1 hour to get water from the river.
20. In villages, people go to open spaces or fields for toilet. The men and women go to different places.
21. Nandita is not afraid of buses anymore since now she knows how to stay in a line, how much to pay for the ticket and where to get down.
22. Mami works in seven houses. She washes utensils and cleans the house.
23. Though it took Mami a lot of time to clean Babloo’s house, she could work easily because there was a tap in the kitchen and water flowed form it.
24. From Babloo’s house everything below looked like small toys.
25. Big film stars come to Chowpatty.
26. Tonga is a cart driven by horses.

QUESTION AND ANSWERS:

Q. 1) Define Lift.

Ans) A lift is a device like a box which moves up and down carrying people or goods from one floor to another. It moves with the help of a pulley and runs on electricity.

 Q. 2) What are some of the problems faced by people living in slums?

Ans) The problems faced by people living in the slums are:

1. There is shortage of water supply and there is no proper hygiene.
2. There is lack of safe drinking water and proper disposal of waste
3. Environmental conditions are poor.
4. Lack of health and family welfare services.

Q.3) Compare the water facilities available in a city and in a village:

	Water facilities in the city (slums)		Water facilities in the villages
1	Water supply is mainly through pipes and taps.	1	Most houses have their wells for water or they get water from lakes, rivers or streams etc.
2	Water is available only for a short period.	2	Water is available at all times but at a distance.
3	Due to scarcity of water, people have to stand in queues/lines in some places. There may be water fights.	3	Sufficient water is available so there are no fights.

 Q.4) What is Migration/Displacement?

Ans) The movement of people from one place to another is known as migration/displacement.

Q.5) What are the reasons for migration?

Ans) Reasons for migration are:

1. Man-made reasons like developmental projects such as building of dams, hotels, townships etc.
2. Natural Disasters such as earthquakes, floods etc.

Q.6) What is the result of Migration?

Ans)

1. Due to Migration, cities become overcrowded
2. There are traffic jams, loads of construction work, an increase in pollution and mushrooming of slums.

Q. 7) Why are cities more crowded than villages?

Ans) Cities are more crowded than villages because:

1. Cities provide more facilities like transportation, electricity, educational institutes and employment opportunities.
2. People generally move to a place where more facilities or opportunities are available.

Q. 8) What are the problems faced by people due to migration?

Ans) Due to migration there will be overcrowding and people may have to live in slums. The problems faced by people living in the slums are:

1. There is shortage of water supply and there is no proper hygiene.
2. There is lack of safe drinking water and proper disposal of waste
3. Environmental conditions are poor.
4. Lack of health and family welfare services.

Q.9) Compare Village and city life

	Village Life		City Life
1	Villages are quieter, greener and there is a lot of open space.	1	Cities are noisy; they have less greenery with more buildings and are overcrowded.
2	Roads are uneven.	2	Cities have tarred roads.
3	Eco-friendly mode of transport is used like tonga, bullock carts, bicycle etc.	3	Most transport run on fossil fuels which cause air pollution.
4	Fewer facilities in the village compared to cities.	4	Cities provide more facilities like transportation, electricity, educational institutes, employment opportunities etc.

Q.10) Draw and show four differences between the houses in villages and houses in the cities. (Label them).

	City house		Village house
1	Pucca House	1	Kutcha house
2	Beautiful big houses made of bricks and cement.	2	Very simple houses made of natural materials like bamboo, clay and mud.
3	Multi-storeyed buildings or bungalows.	3	Usually single-storeyed houses with courtyards.
4	24 hour water supply is available	4	No water supply in the house. People take water from wells, ponds and rivers.

Q.11) In what ways did Nandita’s Mama’s house differ from babloo’s house?

	Nandita’s house in the village	Nandita’s Mama’s house	Babloo’s house
1	Single-storeyed house with courtyard	Single – storeyed house	House is on the twelfth floor in a multi-storeyed building
2	Separate places for cooking and bathing	One- room house (sit, sleep, cook and wash in one room)	Separate rooms for all activities
3	In villages, people go to open spaces or fields for toilet. The men and women go to different places.	Public Toilet at the end of the street.	Toilet was inside the house.
4	The sources of water found in village are – well, river, pond, stream	No water supply in the house. Water is collected from public taps after standing in a queue. There may be water fights.	24 hours water available. No fights for water.

Q.12) Babloo put a bucket under the tap to fill water for his bath. Then he sat down to watch T.V. Nandita went and closed the tap. Why did Nandita close the tap?

Ans) Nandita lived in a slum. In the slum, water was available only for a short period of time. Due to scarcity of water, people had to stand in queues and there were water fights. Since she knew the value of water, Nandita went and closed the tap to save water.

Q.13) Write two ways by which we can save water.

Ans) Two ways of saving water are:

1. Close the tap, while brushing the teeth.
2. Use mug or bucket while having bath.
3. Rain-water harvesting.

Q. 14) Give reasons:-

A) Nandita used to feel like vomiting when at first she had to use the toilet where her mama lived.

Ans) Nandita used to feel like vomiting when at first she had to use the toilet where her mama lived because-

1. The shared public toilet was unhygienic.
2. It was dirty and smelt bad.
3. She was not used to such dirty toilets.

B) In Mumbai, women used to get into fights to get water from public tap. Why?

Ans) In Mumbai, women used to get into fights to get water from public tap because –

1.  They stand in long queues to get water.
2. The time for water supply was fixed and water could get over.

Q.15) What are some of the problems faced by people if they are forced to move out of their home?

Ans)

1. People may find it difficult to get a job and earn money in a new place.
2. Children may have problems adjusting to a new school.

Q.16) When Nandita first came to Mumbai, what were the things she was afraid to do?

Ans) When Nandita first came to Mumbai, she was afraid of crowded station, crowded streets, bus, high rise buildings and lifts.

Q.17) Why does Mama have to change his house?

Ans) Mama has to change his house because he got a notice that they have to move out as a hotel will be built there.

Q.18) What difficulties will Mama face if he moves out of the house?

Ans)

1. The house is far away in another corner of the city.
2. There may be less number of buses going there.
3. The new place does not have electricity or drinking water.
4. It is far from Mama and Mami’s workplace.
5. A lot of money will be spent on moving.
6. Mother’s hospital is very far from the new place.

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